Glossary

Exactly-Once Delivery

Each message takes effect once and only once — no loss, no duplicates — despite retries and crashes.

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Definition

Each message takes effect once and only once — no loss, no duplicates — despite retries and crashes.

How it works

True exactly-once delivery over a network is impossible, so systems fake it: at-least-once delivery (retry until acked) plus idempotent consumers (dedupe by key) gives exactly-once effects. Kafka's "exactly-once" is this — transactional writes + offsets committed atomically. Aim for idempotency, not magic.

Common questions

What is Exactly-Once Delivery?

Each message takes effect once and only once — no loss, no duplicates — despite retries and crashes.

How does Exactly-Once Delivery work?

True exactly-once delivery over a network is impossible, so systems fake it: at-least-once delivery (retry until acked) plus idempotent consumers (dedupe by key) gives exactly-once effects. Kafka's "exactly-once" is this — transactional writes + offsets committed atomically.…

What is Exactly-Once Delivery used for in system design?

True exactly-once delivery over a network is impossible, so systems fake it: at-least-once delivery (retry until acked) plus idempotent consumers (dedupe by key) gives exactly-once effects. Kafka's "exactly-once" is this — transactional writes + offsets committed atomically.…

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